Let’s talk about poverty. Nowadays we ignore this problem. We feel that it no longer exists, that it refers to earlier years. Certainly not our generation. For sure. We toss the responsibility because we are afraid of facing this problem. We do not know that now half the world’s people earn an average of 2.5 a dollar per day. It exists and, unfortunately, is still one of the biggest problems of today’s economies and governments.

What exactly are the causes of poverty and why does it cover only certain regions of the world? We can divide them into several categories. Adverse geographical location, lack of access to the sea, lack of natural resources. An example would be Tuvalu, archipelago country located in the Pacific Ocean lagoon. It is struggling with the problems of development and the main support is from northern countries. This also applies to Niger. More than 80% of the country is a desert sands of the Sahara and droughts there devastate agriculture and become the main cause of hunger and severe malnutrition. Niger also suffers because of the violence and crimes. Country is not able to fight or prevent them. Political instability and corruption is current . Historical conditions well, and usually mainly, are the cause of poverty. In India, the cause of poverty is a caste system. The other problem is low agricultural productivity. Farmers are still following the traditional method of cultivation, which slows down the development support.

The cause of poverty and hunger, which for years could plunge and destroy the country, are natural disasters. Unfortunately, we have no control over them. In poor areas may cause long-term effects. One example might be an earthquake in Haiti in 2005. This is a perfect example of how devastating the effects can yield recurrent natural disasters. The country was almost completely destroyed. People lost their homes, families. Factories were destroyed as well. People have became totally dependent on others. In such conditions, the standard of living drastically deteriorates. People are out of work, the whole country is paralyzed. Another example of the destruction of the country by the natural disaster was the earthquake in the Solomon Islands. It is estimated that the disaster was so enormous that the loss amounted to 95% of the national budget (borgenproject.org). One of the problems, although it has no large-scale action can also be an ordinary break motivation. In poorer countries, people are starting to get used to the lack of work. They live at the lowest level but still do not seek help. Another example can be Ghannam, situated in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea, once rich, through the process of colonization still prevails there extreme poverty and hunger. The negative effects of colonization applies also to Zimbabwe. Robert Mugabe, has led the country to ruin. The problem is also the lack of clear, efficient state institutions. This is the most dangerous trap for small countries. They are often corrupt and full of terror. They do not have a chance to improve their situation because they do not have the support from government. Without these basic factors it is impossible any economic growth and recovery. The public debt. Many poor countries indebted themselves in richer countries or financial institutions. According to Bogenprojects.org – poorer nations pay an average of $2.30 in debt service for every $1 received in grant aid. Currently, the aim is to eliminate the debt that these countries could begin to function independently. An important factor is the level of inequality. These are two different things. According to the United Nations Social Policy and Development Division, “Inequalities in income distribution and access to productive resources, basic social services, opportunities, markets, and information have been on the rise worldwide, often Causing and exacerbating poverty.” As we can see progressive intolerance and inequality towards women intensifies poverty, receives women and men chances of finding work and livelihoods.

Unfortunately not everywhere situation improves. Sub-Saharan Africa still can not cope with this problem. It is worth noting that this is the only region that clearly can not cope with this problem. More than 32% of people live in extreme poverty there. The situation is bad especially in Madagascar and the Democratic Republic of Congo, where 80% of the population lives below the poverty line. These countries did not manage to follow the rhythm of the eradication of poverty in the world. The situation worsened also in India. Compared to the 80s, the percentage of poor people increased by 10% and now stands at over 30%. There is a hope for slowly improvement, economic growth in developing countries. As noted by the head of the World Bank – economy will grow by 5.5%. Whats more important – poor countries still account for half of global growth. The dramatic situation is not only in China, India or African countries. Unfortunately, more than 30 million children from rich countries and 13 million children living in European Union countries do not have access to basic goods, including proper medical care and education. Unsuitable for children these things is one of the worst situations. Uneducated have no chance to find a well-paid job in the future, which entails further consequences, creating a chain reaction. About the importance of education in the development of children. During conference of the World Bank, Seema Aziz form CARE foundation gave a speech about level of education in Pakistan. Currently nearly a billion people were entered the 21st century unable to read a book or sign their names. In the 80s she and her brother opened a modest textile workshop. It is now one of the largest textile brands.

The problem of poverty is still one of the biggest problems faced by the global economy. We should remember that it concerns not only for adults, but especially innocent children, who often are birth condemned to live in extreme poverty, with no prospects for the future. International organizations and countries are trying to fight this problem by another humanitarian. We can only hope that the number of people who live in extreme poverty will decrease in the coming years.

By: Karolina Banaś

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Published by MDX GPE Students

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